Renaissance Fashion Essay - 827 Words

Fashion in England during the Renaissance In today’s world most people are allowed to wear what they wish. This leads to most people having their unique fashion style. Some of today’s trending styles are an artsy, bohemian, casual, classic, or tomboy style. All of these styles are being followed because clothing stores are allowing diversity in fashion. These fashion styles also have trends that come and go. Trends come and go because nowadays people are able to easily afford these trends and hear about them. However, during the Renaissance Period in England people could not do this because fashion during the Renaissance in England was dictated by laws and social classes. The Renaissance Period started during the 14th century in Northern†¦show more content†¦So people would not wear the clothes they were not supposed to wear and to maintain the social structure in England the Sumptuary Laws were used (Camargo). The first Sumptuary Laws were first created during the late 13th century in England under the reign of King Edward III. King Henry VIII and Mary I later used these laws along with Queen Elizabeth (Eakins). For example, King Henry VII used the laws to give men a broader look. During Queen Elizabeth’s reign, she changed the clothing laws used by her father and sister. Queen Elizabeth made the Sumptuary Laws more strict and detailed. Her new changes to the laws included what color, what clothing, what fabrics, and how much clothing people could have. Examples of restrictions include, purple silk was reserved for the queen, king, and family members. Gold, silver, or pearl embroidery was reserved for dukes, earls, and knights (Hanson ). If any of these clothing restrictions were violated the penalties would be harsh. Some of the punishments included fines, loss of property, title, and even life (Alchin, â€Å"Upper Class†). King and queens played a big part in fashion. For example, Queen Elizabeth loved to have clothes, jewelry, and furs from other countries to show her wealth (Picard). Kings and queens would also set trends and would decide who wore what (Hanson). The upper class was easily notified of new trends, but the lower class were not because they lacked money. It is believed that clothes were soShow MoreRelatedEssay about Renaissance Influence on Modern Day Fashion1358 Words   |  6 Pagespeople would not believe that there are so many similarities between modern day fashion and the fashion of the renaissance time period. Many differences may be seen between the two, but the similarities are remarkable. Throughout all of time, clothing has been the major representation of social classes. What people wear has always been the distinguishing factor between the wealthy and the poor classes of both the renaissance and current time period. The evolution from time period to time period has beenRead More History of Fashion Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Fashion Fashion has changed a great deal over the past three centuries. As history changes it seems that fashion in some aspect changes with it to adapt to the era. Even today fashion continues to change as the years go on. Looking at fashion even 20 years ago we can see a difference from what we see in our everyday lives. For the purpose of this essay Fashion will be divided into three centuries, since not every era of clothing can be touched upon. The first era of fashion history includesRead MoreRenaissance Art During Eighteenth Century Italy902 Words   |  4 PagesRenaissance Art in Fifteenth-Century Italy The renaissance era is the mark of the â€Å"rebirth† period. It’s the beginning of the modern world and the ending of the Middle Ages. 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But its influenceRead MoreDelacroix Of The Renaissance Period702 Words   |  3 PagesMuch of Delacroix’s inspiration, like many other artists, came from the Renaissance period artist Michelangelo. He studied his work closely, reveling in his study of figures as well as the life, and death, he portrayed on canvas. During the later stages of Eugene Delacroix’s life he was commissioned by the government of France to paint enormous paintings on ceilings of buildings, which made him feel a closeness with the late Michelangelo. 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The term Renaissance denotes a transition between the medieval and modern world which individualised the sixteenth century and helped to enlarge the mind of man with a sense of old freedoms regained and of new regions to be exploredRead MoreHair Styles and Make-up of the Renaissance542 Words   |  2 Pagesconsidered beautiful in Renaissance was absolutely outdated 100 years after this era. In this essay I will be talking about the hair and make-up in Renaissance. It all started in Italy, home of the greatest artists of the time. The first section of my essay will be about Italy and the way people were changing their natural appearances using various products. In the second section I will move to the north of Europe to explore a bit m ore about this topic and see how much the fashion that was set in ItalyRead MoreBells for John Whitesides Daughter by John Crowe Ransom873 Words   |  3 PagesKenyon Review. His works fall into many different literary movements but the majority of his poems fall within the Fugitive-Agrarianism, now known as the Southern Renaissance, movement that emphasized classicism and traditionalism. The writers that were part of the Southern Renaissance, including Ransom, gathered to write a collection of essays that promoted and revitalized Southern literature in the United States. They were known for â€Å"representing the tensions and paradoxes that resulted from the collisionRead MoreEssay about Harlem Renaissance Poets: Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes1142 Words   |  5 Pagesmajority of African Americans moved from South to the North of the United States. New economic and artistic opportunities led them to create and identify themselves in their own culture and heritage. This movement is well-known as the Harlem renaissance. It was accompanied by new lifestyle, music styles, and plenty of talented writers. This paper discusses two poems from this period: Heritage, written by Countee Cullen, and The Weary Blues, written by Langston Hughes. There is a lot of mystery

Using Gender Stereotypes to Market Razors - 1422 Words

Razors marketed by using gender Gender is frequently adopted as a main tool of marketing in the case of particular technological devices and one of the most illustrative examples can be observed by looking at the design of razors. The blade itself appears to be no longer important in the contemporary society when considering the overall design of the razor. It is actually hidden and all that people can see is the impressive design found in both razors meant for men and razors meant for women. Moreover, the first thing that people are likely to see when buying a razor is the brand being present on the most prominent side of the package. The marketing strategies devised by razor producers are especially gendered and even their names are meant to influence buyers into thinking that they need to buy particular products. One of the most impressive things about shaving is that it is a practice that is never affected by fashion, taking into account that diverse waves of fashion that dominated particular eras did not influence the masses in buying less razors (NOBODY KNOWS THE STUBBLE THEYVE SEEN 22). This demonstrates that people generally have a tendency to express interest in buying razors, regardless of the environment that they are present in. In order to get a better understanding of how razors are marketed differently on account of gender one needs to think about the product as being a sign, rather than being just a thing. The fact that many razors designed for menShow MoreRelatedEssay about Gendered Media9688 Words   |  39 PagesArticle 7 Gendered Media: The Influence of Media on Views of Gender Julia T. Wood Department of Communication, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill times more often than ones about women (â€Å"Study Reports Sex Bias,† 1989), media misrepresent actual proportions of men and women in the population. This constant distortion tempts us to believe that there really are more men than women and, further, that men are the cultural standard. 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History of India free essay sample

Bimbisara founded the dynasty by defeating the Brihadrathas. 37 9 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Bimbisara was a contemporary of Buddha. Magadha became a supreme power in North India under Ajatasatru. So Ajatasatru is considered as the founder of Magadhan Supremacy. Pataliputra and Rajagriha were the capitals of Magadhan kingdom. Magadha falls in the Patna region of Bihar. Haryankas were overthrown by Sisunaga and he founded the Sisunaga dynasty there. Kalasoka the son and successor of Sisunaga was succeeded by Mahapadma Nanda and he founded the Nanda dynasty. Ajatasatru’s successor Udayin was the founder of the city of Pataliputra. Alexander died of Malaria at the age of 33 in 323 BC while he was in Babylon. Alexander was cremated at Alexandria. Alexander was known as Shehansha in Persia and Sikhandar-I-Asam in Indo-Pak region. The Last general of Alexander in India was Eudamas. Alexander’s first General in India was Selucus Nikator. Alexander IV succeeded Alexander as the Masedonian K ing. Alexander’s teacher Aristotle is considered as the father of Politics, Biology, Taxonomy and the Science of Logic. ? ? ? ? ? ? Persian Invasion ? The Achaemenian king of Persia, Darius (522 486 BC) captured some territories the east of Sindhu in 518 BC. The Persian domination over Indian territory lasted upto 330 BC. Xerxes was the persian ruler who enlisted Indians in his army. The Kharoshti script was brought to India by Persians. Mauryan Empire (321-185 BC) ? ? Major sources for the study of Mauryan Empire are the Arthasastra of Kautilya and Indika of Megasthenes. Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of Mauryan Empire. Details about his early life are not available He is believed to have belonged to Moriya Clan, hence got the name Maurya. It is also said that his mother was Mura a women of lower birth hence got the name Maurya. In some texts he is referred to as Vrishala and Kulahina. He conspired with Chanakya (Kautilya or Vishnugupta) the minister of Nanda to overthrew the last Nanda ruler DhanaNanda. Chandragupta Maurya ascended the throne in BC 321. He fought against Selucus in 305 BC. Selucus surrendered before him and sent an ambassador, Megasthenese to the court of Chandragupta Maurya. Chandragupta’s Governor Pushygupta constructed the famous Sudarshana lake. ChandraGupta Maurya was converted to Jainism, abdicated the throne in favour of his son Bindusara, passed his last days at ? ? ? ? ? Alexander’s Invasion ? ? Alexander was born in 356 BC as the son of King Philip II of Mascedonia. Epirus or Olympias was Alexanders mother. Aristotle was Alexander’s teacher. He became the king in 336 BC He defeated the Persian ruler Darius III. Alexander founded the city of Alexandria in Egypt In 326 BC Alexander defeated Porus (Purushothama) the ruler of Punjab and Captured Taxila through the battle of Hydaspes on the banks of river Jhelum. Ambhi the ruler of Taxila invited Alexander to India. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 38 0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Sravanabelagola (Near Mysore) where he died in 298 BC. Chandragupa Maurya was responsible for the political unification of North India for the first time. Bindusara was a follower of Ajivika sect. Bindusara was known as Amitragatha. Ashoka ascended the throne in 273BC and ruled upto 232 BC. He was known as ‘Devanampriya priyadarsi the beautiful one who was the beloved of Gods. Maski and Gujara Edicts of Ashoka gave the name Devanampriya Priyadarsi. Buddhist tradition says Ashoka killed 99 of his brothers to capture the throne. Ashoka was the first king in Indian history who had left his records engraved on stones. Ashokan inscriptions were written in Kharoshti and Brahmi scripts. Ashoka fought the Kalinga war in 261 BC Kalinga is in modern Orissa. Ashokan inscriptions were deciphered by James Princep. After the battle of Kalinga Ashoka became a Buddhist, being shocked by the horrors of the war. Ashoka was initiated to Buddhism by Upagupta or Nigrodha a disciple of Buddha. For the propagation of Buddhism Ashoka started the institution of Dharmamahamatras. The IV Major Rock Edict of Ashoka tells about the practice of Dharma The Major Rock Edict XII of Ahoka deals with the conquest of Kalinga. Ashoka held the third Buddhist council at his capital Pataliputra in 250BC under the presidentship of Moggaliputa Tissa. He sent his son and daughter to Sri Lanka for the spread of Buddhism (Mahendra and Sanghamitra) Ashoka spread Buddhism to SriLanka and Nepal. He is known as the Constantine of Buddhism. In his Kalinga Edict he mentions ‘‘All man are as my children’’. Ceylones ruler Devanmpriya Tissa was Ashoka’s first convert to Buddhism. Ashoka ruled for 40 years and died in 232 BC. The emblem of the Indian Republic has been ? ? ? ? adopted from the four lion capital of one of Ashokas pillars which is located in Saranath. Rock-cut architecture in India made a beginning during Ashoka’s reign. Brihadratha the last Mauryan ruler was killed by Pushyamitra Sunga who founded the Sunga Dynasty in 185 BC. Megasthenese the first foreign traveller to India mentions about the existence of seven castes in India during the Mauryan period. Stanika in Mauryan administration refers to tax collector. Post Mauryan Period Sunga Dynasty (185-71 BC) ? Sunga Dynasty was founded by Pushyamitra Sunga the commander-in-chief of last Mauryan king, Brihadratha. ? Kalidasa’s drama Malavikagnimitram is about the love story of Pushyamitra’s son Agnimitra and Malavika. Last ling of sunga dynasty was Devabhuti. Kanva Dynasty (72 BC 27 BC) ? Kanva dynasty was founded by Vasudeva Kanva in 72 BC after defeating the last Sunga ruler Devabhuti. This dynasty ruled for a period of 45 years. Vasudeva, Bhumimitra, Narayana and Susuman were the rulers of Kanva dynasty. ? ? Cheta (Cheti) Dynasty of Kalinga ? The Cheti Dyna sty was believed to have founded by Maha Meghavahana The Hatigumbha inscription of Kharavela, of the ? Important Mauryan Officers Samaharta . Collector of Revenue Sannidata .. Head of Treasury Dandapala Head of Police Durga Pala . Head of Royal Fort Pradeshikas . Head of District Administration Prashasti .. Head of Prisons 38 1 Kalinga ruler gives details about the Chedis of Kalinga. ? Alauddin Khilji) ? Kharavela was a follower of Jainism. Indo-Greeks were the first to introduce military governorship in India. Satavahanas (235 BC 100BC) ? The Parthians (19 45 AD) ? Satavahanas were the most powerful ruling dynasty after the Mauryas. Satavahanas were also known as Andhras. Satavahanas were the Indian rulers who prefixed their mother’s name along with their names. Most important Satavahana ruler was Gautamiputra Satakarni. Satavahanas were Brahmanas. Nagarjuna Konda and Amaravati in Andhrapradesh became important seats of Buddhist culture under the Satavahanas. The two common structures of Satavahanas were the temple called Chaitya and the monastery called Vihara. Satavahanas mostly issued lead coins. The official language of the Satavahanas was Prakrit Parthians also known as Pahalavas were Iranian People. Gondophernes was the greatest of the Parthian rulers. St. Thomas is said to have came to India for the propagation of Christianity during the period of Gondophernes. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The Sakas (90 BC Ist AD) ? ? Sakas were also known as Scythians. The first Saka king in India was Maues or Moga who established Saka power in Gandhara. The most famous of the Saka rulers in Western India was Rudra Daman I. His achievements are highlighted in his Junagarh inscription written in 150 AD. Junagarh inscription of Rudradaman was the first inscription in Sanskrit. Ujjayini was the capital of Rudradaman. ? ? ? ? ? Indo Greeks ? ? First to invade India were the Greeks who were called Indo-Greeks. The most famous Indo-Greek ruler was Menander with his Capital at Sakala in Punjab (Modern Sialkot) The Indo-Greeks were the first to issue gold coins in India. The introduction of Hellenistic art features into India were also the contribution of Indo-Greek rule. Menander was converted into a Buddhist by Buddhist monk Nagasena (Nagarjuna) Indo-Greeks were the first to issue coins bearing the figure of kings. Demitrius, the king of Bacteria invaded India about 190BC. He is considered as Second Alexander (But the Indian ruler who accepted the name second Alexander (Sikandar-i-sani) was Kushans ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Kushans are also known as Yuch-chis or Tocharians. Kushans came to India from North Central Asia. First great Kushana king was Kujala Kadphises or Kadphises I. The most famous Kushana ruler was Kanishka. He became the ruler in 78 AD and started Saka Era in 78 AD. The Capital of Kanishka was Peshawar or Kanishka Purushapura. Kanishka convened the fourth Buddhist council in Kashmir. 38 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Scholars like, Parsva, Vasumitra, Ashvaghosha, Charaka and Nagarjuna were the courtiers of Kanishka. The Gandhara School of Art received royal patronage under the Kushans. Kanishka patronised Mahayana form of Buddhism. Kanishka is righty called the ‘Second Ashoka’ Kanishka was the first king who inscribed the image of Lord Buddha on his coins. Kanishka started the Saka era in 78 AD. The first month of Saka era is Chaithra and the last month is Phalguna. Vasudeva was the last great king of Kushana Dynasty. Kushana school of art is also referred to as the Mathura school. ? ? Sanskrit was the court language of the Guptas. India became ‘‘Greater India’’ under Samudra Gupta. Samudra Gupta was an accomplished Veena player. Chandragupta II the greatest of Gupta rulers was popularly known as Vikramaditya. ? ? Historically Important Places Ayodhya Birth place of Sri Rama (UP) Amber Palace Rajasthan Aghakhan Palace Pune (Maharashtra) (Gandhi and Kasturba were kept in prison here) Kedarnath Holy place of Hindus (Utharanchal) Amarnath Pilgrim centre (Kashmir) Elephanta caves Near Mumbai Ellora Caves Maharashtra 34 cavetemples (Hindu, Buddha Jaina) Rajgir Jain Temple in Bihar Golden Temple Amritsar Harmandir Sahib of Sikhs Golgumbus Bijapur (Karnataka) Tomb of Muhammed Adil Shah Tanjore Capital of Cholas Brihadveswara Temple Charminar Hyderabad (Monument of Plague eradication) Konark Temple Orissa (Sun Temple) Qutab Minar Delhi Khajuraho Near Bhopal (M. P. ) 80 temples Mahabalipuram Centre of Pallava architecture (Tamil Nadu) Kurukshetra Battle of Mahabarata (in Haryana) TajMahal Agra (UP) Built by Shah Jahan Sanchi Buddhist Stupa (Madhya Pradesh) Haridwar Holy Place of Hindus (Uttaranchal) Gupta Empire (320 540 AD) ? ? ? Gupta Empire was founded by Sri Gupta. Ghatotkacha was the second ruler. Chandra Gupta I was the real founder of the Gupta Empire. He came to the throne in 320 AD. He was the first ruler to adopt the title Maharajadhiraja. He laid the foundation of Gupta Era on 26 February 320 AD. Samudra Gupta succeeded Chandragupta I in 335 AD. The Allahabad Pillar inscription composed by Harisena contains information about Samudragupta’s conquests. Allahabad Pillar inscription is also known as ‘Prayagaprasasti’. Samudra Gupta is also known as ‘Linchchavi Dauhitra’’. (son of the daughter Kumaradevi of Lichchavis) Samudra Gupta is described as ‘Indian Napoleon’ by V. A. Smith. Samudra Gupta composed ‘‘Vahukabita’’ and had the title ‘‘Kaviraja’’. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 38 3 ? He adopted the title ‘Sakari’ after his victory over Rudradaman II of Gujarat. Fa hein, the Chinese traveller, visited India during his period. The exploits of Chandragupta II are glorified in an iron pillar inscription fixed near Qutub Minar. Chandragupta II adopted the title Vikramaditya as a mark of his victory over the Sakakshatraps. ‘Nine gems’ or ‘Navratnas’ was a famous Scholastic Assembly in the court of Chandragupta II. The members in the Ninegems were Kalidasa, Kadakarbhara, Kshapanaka, Varahmihira, Vararuchi, Vethalabhatta, Dhanvantari, Ammarasimha, Sanku. Chandragupta II was succeeded by his son Kumaragupta I. Skandagupta Vikramaditya was the last great ruler of Gupta Empire. Skandagupta Vikramaditya was the only hero in Asia and Europe who defeated the Hunas in their glorious period. Vishnu Gupta was the last ruler who died in 570 AD. Mantriparishad assisted the king in administration. Most important Industry of the Gupta period was textile. Period of the Gupta is compared to ‘Periclean Age of Greece’, ‘Augustan Age of Rome’ and ‘Elzabethan Age of England’. Period of the Guptas is considered as the Golden Age in the history of India. Earlier Guptas had their capital at Prayag in Allahabad, later it was shifted to Ujjain by Chandragupta II. The most important officers in the Gupta empire were Kumaramatyas. The royal seal of the Guptas bore the emblem of Garuda. Aryabhatta was the first to treat Mathematics as a separate subject. He wrote Aryabhattiyam. He ? ? belonged to the Gupta period. Aryabhatta was the first to use Decimal System. Panchsidhanta, Brihat Jataka, Laghu Jataka and Brihat Samhita are the works of Varahamihira. The best specimen of the Gupta paintings are seen at Ajanta caves and the Bhaga caves. The Gupta period marked the beginning of Indian temple architecture. Guptas issued large number of gold coins in India. Guptas largely patronised art and architecture. Guptas patronised the Gandhara school of art, Madhura School of Art and the Andhra School of Art. The Fresco paintings in the Ajanta caves are examples of the art of the Guptas. The chief source of income was land revenue. The position of women declined during the Gupta period. A renowned physician of the Gupta period was Vaghbhatta Nalanda and Taxila were the two universities of this period. Kalidasa is generally called ‘‘Indian Shakespeare’ and the ‘Prince of Indian Poets’. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Kalidasa ? Books on Sciences Chandra Vyakaran Chandragomin Amar Kosh Amar Singh Niti Shastra . Kamandak Kamasutra .. Vatsya yana Panchasiddhantika . Varahamihira Ashtanga Hridaya . Vaghbhatta Hastyaurveda . Pulkapya Sankhyakarika . Iswarkrishna ? ? ? ? 38 4 ? Patanjali founded ‘Yoga Shastra’, a school of Hindu philosophy during this period. ? ? ? ? ? The Hunas ? The Huns were a nomadic and barberic race of Central Asia. They were defeated by Skanda Gupta. In the last quarter of the 5th century AD, the Hunas established an independent kingdom in the Punjab. Toramana and Mihirakula were important Huna leaders. In 510 AD Bhanu Gupta defeated Toramana. Narasimha Gupta defeated Mihirakula. The Hunas gave rise to the Kshatriya Rajaputs. Sialkot was Mihirakula’s capital. He made Kanauj his new capital from Taneswar. Original name of Harsha was Siladitya. Chinese traveller Hieun Tsang visited India during his reign. Harsha summoned a religious assembly at Prayag. Hieun Tsang said Indians were ‘‘Truthful people although quick tempered’’ Harsha’s biography ‘Harsha Charita’ was written by his court poet Banabhatta. He also wrote ‘Kadambari’. Harsha Vardhana was a poet and dramatist. Ratnavali, Priyadarshika and Nagananda are the works of Harshavardhana. Harsha Vardhana was defeated by the Chalukyan king Pulikeshin II in AD 634. Harshavardhanas empire was the last Buddhist empire in India. After Harsha, the Karkotas of Kashmir established their power. Mahendravarman I and Pulikeshin II were the contemporaries of Harshavardhana. Matanga, Divakar, Jayasena and Bhartrihari

What Do I Have to Offer This College Family free essay sample

Upon choosing this topic I pondered, what next? I sat in front of my PC deliberating what direction wanted this piece to go in, and what impression I wanted to give my future alma maters admissions of myself and then it struck me. The point of this essay is not to paint an illusion of myself to you, but, to show you what have to offer as a unique individual. Marianne Williamson in her book, Return to Love and I quote, wrote, Our greatest fear is not that we are inadequate, but that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness that frightens us.We ask ourselves, ho am to be brilliant, gorgeous, handsome, talented and fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be? I first stumbled upon this quote during one of my times of feeling deeply insignificant among my high school population. I decided that constantly feeling as though you are insignificant leads to you becoming insignificant. We will write a custom essay sample on What Do I Have to Offer This College Family or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Am a believer that the mind is a very powerful thing and I plan to use this belief a self confidence to encourage those around me to do nothing but their best because the min ate you start believing your worst is your best, it in fact becomes the best you can do.Academically, am well rounded. Have over the years gained all the necessary basic knowledge to excel in any subject decide to work at. I study well in groups and have always had a love for tutoring; as such during and after high school I took the responsibility of tutoring my younger sister and her friends at the primary level. Throughout high school I also tutored my friends in order to ensure that leisure time was not affected by poor academics. The passion for helping those in need, has become a part of who am and I intend to use this to help those around me if I am accepted into the university. Extremely confident a team player, athletic and energetic young woman and I have dreams of one day helping everyone around me see that they too can be apart of this world holding only a positive outlook for their lives and being calculative about consequences. Am trained as a peer councilor and intend to use my skills for self fulfillment as well as the maintaining of the mental well being of those I encounter in my tenure at this prestigious university. It would be unlike me to not mention my rich Jamaican heritage as one of the things have to offer this university.Cultural diversity is one of the many things that make university life worthwhile and I am no doubt endowed with a mixture of cultures; as the Jamai can culture has evolved to included aspects of cultures of people from all walks of life. Hope have given you a good enough idea of what I have to offer this institution, but I assure you this is just the tip Of the ice berg. I also have no doubt that will not be a silent student as intend to be a production member of the university family. As we say in Jamaica W like but WI tallow, meaning big things come in small packages.

Free Essays on Hobbit

The Hobbit The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien takes place in a world of pure fantasy. This amazing new world has differences, as well as similarities, to our world. This fantasy world, Middle Earth has been created using both Tolkiens imagination and details of reality from our own world. By incorporating these realistic elements of our world into the book, the author allows the reader to find a common thread with the characters and their surroundings. Most of the differences between Middle Earth and today's world are found in creatures and their actions that can not be found or enacted in our world. One of the best examples of this in The Hobbit is the presence of magic. Gandalf, the wizard, is able to help the characters out of a large amount of dangerous situations by using his magical powers to hurt or destroy their enemies. He set Wargs on fire while they were trapped in a tree and made a bolt of lightening to kill many of the Goblins who had surrounded the group in a cave. The magical ring, which was an important in helping the group survive in the book, allowed he who was wearing it to become invisible to others. Also, there was a black stream in Mirk wood that made anyone that drank out of it suddenly very tired and forgetful of what had just happened. All of these examples of happenings and objects found in Middle Earth are impossible in the world as we know it. Several of the species in the book do not exist on Earth. Hob bits, of course, are fictional characters, along with the dwarves, elves, goblins, and trolls. Many species of animals are able to vocally communicate with humans and dwarves in the novel, which is not possible on our planet. Beorn, a human who is able to morph into other animals at an instant, is a good example of this kind of fiction. The dragon, Smaug, is the main adversary of the fourteen main characters. Dragons have been the evil focal point of stories for years. Although most of the characters' species a... Free Essays on Hobbit Free Essays on Hobbit The Hobbit The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien takes place in a world of pure fantasy. This amazing new world has differences, as well as similarities, to our world. This fantasy world, Middle Earth has been created using both Tolkiens imagination and details of reality from our own world. By incorporating these realistic elements of our world into the book, the author allows the reader to find a common thread with the characters and their surroundings. Most of the differences between Middle Earth and today's world are found in creatures and their actions that can not be found or enacted in our world. One of the best examples of this in The Hobbit is the presence of magic. Gandalf, the wizard, is able to help the characters out of a large amount of dangerous situations by using his magical powers to hurt or destroy their enemies. He set Wargs on fire while they were trapped in a tree and made a bolt of lightening to kill many of the Goblins who had surrounded the group in a cave. The magical ring, which was an important in helping the group survive in the book, allowed he who was wearing it to become invisible to others. Also, there was a black stream in Mirk wood that made anyone that drank out of it suddenly very tired and forgetful of what had just happened. All of these examples of happenings and objects found in Middle Earth are impossible in the world as we know it. Several of the species in the book do not exist on Earth. Hob bits, of course, are fictional characters, along with the dwarves, elves, goblins, and trolls. Many species of animals are able to vocally communicate with humans and dwarves in the novel, which is not possible on our planet. Beorn, a human who is able to morph into other animals at an instant, is a good example of this kind of fiction. The dragon, Smaug, is the main adversary of the fourteen main characters. Dragons have been the evil focal point of stories for years. Although most of the characters' species a...

Conditional Operator Definition and Explanation

Conditional Operator Definition and Explanation Conditional operators are used to evaluate a condition thats applied to one or two boolean expressions. The result of the evaluation is either true or false. There are three conditional operators:   Ã‚  the logical AND operator. ||  Ã‚  Ã‚  the logical OR operator. ?:  Ã‚  Ã‚  the ternary operator. Conditional Operators The logical AND and logical OR operators both take two operands. Each operand is a boolean expression (i.e., it evaluates to either true or false). The logical AND condition returns true if both operands are true, otherwise, it returns false. The logical OR condition returns false if both operands are false, otherwise, it returns true. Both the logical AND and logical OR operators apply a short circuit method of evaluation. In other words, if the first operand determines the overall value for the condition, then the second operand is not evaluated. For example, if the logical OR operator evaluates its first operand to be true, it does not need to evaluate the second one because it already knows the logical OR condition has to be true. Similarly, if the logical AND operator evaluates its first operand to be false, it can skip the second operand because it already knows the logical AND condition will be false. The ternary operator takes three operands. The first is a boolean expression; the second and third are values. If the boolean expression is true, the ternary operator returns the value of the second operand, otherwise, it returns the value of the third operand. An Example of Conditional Operators To test if a number is divisible by two and four: int number 16; if (number % 2 0 number % 4 0) {   Ã‚  System.out.println(Its divisible by two and four!); } else {   Ã‚  System.out.println(Its not divisible by two and four!); } The conditional operator first evaluates whether its first operand (i.e., number % 2 0) is true and then evaluates whether its second operand (i.e., number % 4 0) is true. As both are true, the logical AND condition is true.

Michele Moody-Adams argues that moral progress is possible Essay

Michele Moody-Adams argues that moral progress is possible - Essay Example The Concept of Moral Progress Throughout History Considering the evolution of morality throughout the historical process, it should be emphasized that moral progress can be traced only from the instance the human life gained its uppermost value. This instance came with the Renaissance period in Europe. The Renaissance Humanism is featured with the appearance of the specific behavior codex that can be regarded as the initial step of the moral progress. This codex involved refusal from slavery, admiration for the human body and soul, human rights protection, and so on. The next step of the moral evolution of the humankind is the post World War I period. The global society became obsessed with the issues of war prevention and conflict resolving on a world scale, and the foundation of The League of Nations, as the global arbiter can be regarded as the further moral growth of the humanity. The further assimilation of the moral progress, discussed by Moody-Adams (259) is the result of the post World War II morality expansion: democratic movements, the wars for independence are the key aspects of the further morality assimilation, and moral progress throughout the world. Moral Progress In defining moral progress as a global perspective, the necessity of defining some common moral standard is crucial. Particular arbitrary decisions, needed for judging morality, have to be developed in accordance with the moral progress principles, such as: 1. Equality 2. Justice 3. Righteousness However, different moral groups cannot be included into a single judgment system otherwise dominant society will declare and impose its own moral system on the other weaker one, which exceeds the morality requirements. In the light of this statement, it should be emphasized that creation of the global arbitrary organizations cannot resolve moral conflicts, and creates the hierarchically arranged global society, where Superpowers declare their own values and moral standards for subdominant gover nments and societies. This originates the silence concept offered by Fricker (287). Considering the fact that cultural relativism offers the clear definitions of right and wrong, these definitions can be relevant and righteous only within the society that originated these definitions. Therefore, in the given circumstances of the global arbitration, the moral progress is featured with the local character mainly (Moody-Adams, 258). Moreover, if the morality values system of the â€Å"convicted† society contradicts the morality system of the global arbiter, the institutional prejudice is inevitable (Fricker 291) In general, the dialogic morality is almost meaningless without the basic persuasion that the humanity is constantly moving to greater equality, compassion, and justice. Nevertheless, the skepticism among scientists is enormous, since hierarchically arranged societies are not featured with high virtues. Nevertheless, the very fact that these societies are based on the le gislative activity signifies that such a progress has to be pursued. The evident logical contradiction in cognitive and moral relativism can be enunciated with the following question: considering the fact that all the members of the given society are ethnocentric, does this mean that cultural relativism is one of the forms of ethnocentrism? Moreover, cultural relativis

Analysis and synthesis essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis and synthesis - Essay Example In summary it described Facebook, presented Facebook users’ dislike on Facebook’s new design, mentioned Facebook’s financial challenges and Facebook users’ love-hate relationship with Facebook. The article does not end there, it also has advises on how to properly use the site. One advice given was to take advantage of privacy settings to manage networks in order for them to speak discreetly to certain friends, such as family, close friends, co-workers as opposed to other ‘friends’ such as bosses or professional colleagues. Barton told the an amusing story wherein an employee was fired due to his obscene status message regarding to his disappointment in his work which the boss has read because he is his ‘friend’ in facebook. The virtual world article on the other hand was brilliant in that if one missed to read the title she would have understood it as real life drama. Unlike the Facebook article which was very straightforward, the author took on a different approach. At first, it narrated a story of two avatars that were married and had a property together. The amusing thing was that it was slightly exaggerated though on a healthy level wherein it is entertaining to the readers. The story built up the more serious issue tackled by the paper- access and control. It compared the case of one real person having real, tangible property to some virtual one who has virtual property. The former is protected by law, specifically, property rights. The later on the other hand have the mediation of the network of software and the owner of the virtual environment who has interests to protect as well. It gave examples of real life people who encountered problems regarding accounts (Email, social networking sites and gaming accounts) of their family, close friend or even virtual partners who passed away. It went on to citing the companies’ good reasons in

Discuss the importance of nature in Hardys Essay Example for Free

Discuss the importance of nature in Hardys Essay Nature was extremely important in the Victorian era, after God and religion, Hardy shows the importance of nature throughout ‘Tess of the D’urbervilles’ by certain techniques of language and structure. Hardy uses nature to explain and portray aspects that happened within the Victorian society, and Tess’s life itself; there is always a underlying piece of information. ‘They followed the way till they reached the beginning of the ascent on the crest of which vehicle from Tantridge was to receive her’ this extract informs us, as readers on several things, not only about Tess but also about the society in the Victorian era. ‘They followed’ in this context Tess is shown to be moving on with her life, and as she is about to move social class, her family are seen as beneath her in this aspect behind her, within the eyes of society itself. The extract goes onto say ‘beginning of the ascent’ this could be interpreted two different ways, either as Tess was moving on with her life, she is experiencing the change from a girl to a woman, a she becomes more independent and leaves her parents behind. However, it could be viewed in society eyes, that Tess is climbing the ascent, from the lower class to the higher class as she goes to meet Alec. These two interpretations, portray both society and the development of Tess’s character, society could also support the change within Tess, as when a girl becomes to work, she is vied as a woman. Another word in this quote that shows a strong aspect of society and current government threats is the word ‘vehicle’ as this portrays the threat of England and the industrial revolution, as well as presenting the equipment available to the upper class, that isn’t available to the lower class; again nature shows the importance of most things. At the very end of the quote the words ‘receive her’ presents Tess’s move up the social hierarchy as easy, as the upper class was waiting on her arrival, perhaps hinting that Tess’s appealing appearance and character at first to a stronger, however this hypothesis contrasts to earlier in the book when Tess is described as ‘queer’. There is another quote that supports the importance of nature, ‘far away behind the first hills the cliff-like dwelling of Shaston broke the line of the ridge’ Here Hardy develops interestingly the split in society between the classes, he uses ‘cliff-like dwelling’ to describe the D’urberville’s highness in society, where as Tess is described to be ‘broke the line of the ridge’ portraying her breaking the line that society places firmly between the lower and upper class. ‘They were just beginning to descend†¦ Down, down, they sped, the wheels humming a top, the dog-cart rocking right and left, its axis acquiring a slightly oblique set’ Hardy informs us on several details throughout this short passage, ‘they sped’, portrays how fast Alec was moving within there relationship, showing nature been used to foreshadowing the future, and also maybe spiraling out of control. ‘the dog-cart rocking right and left’ this is presenting the sexual aspect to the novel and foreshadowing how there relationship will end, leading to the rape/seduction. This quote finally ends with ‘slightly oblique set’ this concludes nature showing the danger/caution towards Tantridge itself, and nature enhances this. In conclusion, Hardy successful uses nature to portray the underlying details of the novel, informing us on both the aspects of Tess’s character and mind set that has not yet appeared, as well as the society at the time, giving the reader a deeper view. However, all of the parts that nature shows, builds a conclusion that nature is very important in general, and especially within this novel as it explains a great deal of detail to the reader.

Science Vs Religion :: essays research papers

Since the beginning of human history there have been many explanations for events that seem out of human control. In recent civilized history, religious and since the beginning of human history there have been many explanations for events that seem out of human control. In recent civilized history, religious and scientific views have often clashed with one another. Religious ideas are usually presented first and then enough scientific evidence accumulates to dare religious beliefs. These findings of science are met with incredulity and most are considered a heresy. Since the middle ages until the 18th centuri, religious ideology was the most accepted way of explaining the unexplained. During the next couple hundred years, many members of academia(a school of philosophy), using science to back them up, came up with new ways of dealing with the unanswerable questions. When the church had the greatest power, men and women of science were viewed as the "wicked guys." In most cases it was safer to believe in the church and their ideas, in order not to be excommunicated or shunned by society, than to place their trust in charlatan scientists. As a result, many conflicts arise between men of religion and men of science. Even if a scientist set out to prove the church wrong and show some very strong evidence contrary to popular belief, he was usually shunned and his ideas denounced publicly. It is not until many people have similar evidence and findings do they gain any credibility with normal people and the church. Nowadays people believe that if a scientific view is false, then by continuing study and research the truth may be discovered. one may conclude that if no one presented new ideas, then intelligent thought would have no place in a society like that. Scientists like Darwin accepted the risks involved in presenting new ideas. Voltaire also was a revolutionary thinker. Although, he presented ideas of his own, he decided to satirize science and religion. Each society, church, men of academia, believes that their ideas are correct and therefore are the best of the world. It is true, even to this day, that each nation has a different set of standards, reasoning, and beliefs on how life works and what are the best possible things to believe in. In some cases, nations try to push those beliefs on other nations. This results in a push for new scientific research and other religious and philosophical beliefs of that nation, to fight the ideas that are being reflected on them.

Renaissance And Enlightenment

Blair and Games wanted to grow the appreciation for British literature, and Campbell wanted to give the appropriate insights of English philosophy (peg 170). Yet, Britain, during this time was growing as an empire in the world, and wanted to be recognized for its language ND institutions they made, to be equal to all of Europe. George Campbell interest in the scientific site of rhetoric of a humans mind, is close to Plat's speculations about psyche in which each part gives out its own rhetoric (peg. 184). Whitely saw that rhetoric would be the center of arguments.He felt that rhetoric would dominate in arguments that involved concerns and skills (174). Belletristic Movement's, however, were interested in the language of rhetoric, much like Georgia and Longings. The 18th century sees rhetoric at the head of educational concerns. Going through chapter 8 of the textbook, it appears that rhetoric really never died out. It Just evolved into the next phase that it was needed in. Yet, we se e still, that rhetoric is still studied Just as the people in Greece used it. It has become apparent that no matter how rhetoric changes, people still use rhetoric as it was intended.These people are Just merely trying to find ways to enhance its abilities so it can be used throughout the country, and be shared with others. Warwick argues that rhetoric shifts from producing public discourse, to enhancing its consumption (peg. 184). Rhetoric, during the time of the renaissance, was used as a subject of study (peg 160). During this period, rhetoric was how people were educated. There was a movement known as the Italian Humanism, that helped with rhetoric's influence between 1300 and 1750 (peg 50). Rhetoric was given attention by important figure like, Patriarch and Villa.Due to their attention to this subject it grew the status of rhetoric immensely, because of their status in society. These people used rhetoric as a way to argue against philosophical thinking. Going back to Humanism; it mixed principles from Christianity. It led to a search for new education. They ended up using rhetoric as a way to question the â€Å"status quo† (153). Patriarch, was one of many figures during the renaissance, who used rhetoric to refine culture. Rhetoric raised to a place of high importance by humanists because of what rhetoric was capable of doing.It gave the potential to give new insight and it was able to preserve future values (160). Due to Cicerone's findings, Patriarch was big in liberal arts, and the life of political involvement. Rhetoric was able to help form an effective government during the renaissance. The renaissance, was probably the most important time for rhetoric. It was at its peak and used by public figures everywhere. There was never a greater time for rhetoric because it was used in importance, such as education, probably the most important subject of all.Also, as the book states, rhetoric was used in more political terms like Cicero attempted to do. Thanks to the renaissance, rhetoric lived on and was taught throughout the years. There were four main ideas during these two era's that coincide with each other. The first two would be the education that went on during the renaissance era, and enlightenment era. These two subjects were huge for these era's. Along with, the differences between Whitey's view on rhetoric and George Campbell view on rhetoric.Their different view on what rhetoric is, their ideas, pretty much made their separate era's. Whitley believe that rhetoric was really an art. Whitely also connects rhetoric with logic by defining argumentative composition as an offshoot of logic (World Press). Whitley also, believed that rhetoric could be used for evil purposes Just like Cicero did. This connects back to Augustine argument that rhetoric is to be sustained thin the church so it may not be able to be used with evil intentions. There is no amount of success that any student will have when studying rhetoric.In Wat tle's own words,† learning more doesn't teach you to think well but that thinking well will help you to learn more (World Press). Whitley viewed that in order to know the educational side of rhetoric it has to be comprised exercises that are relevant to students' studies, current events, and personal lives. â€Å"Whitely argues that the systems help to improve natural abilities but they cannot supersede natural ability. Once a student has learned the system, he can manipulate it, but this again does not mean that his ability has improved (World Press). I believe in what Whitley believes in. I can see how rhetoric could be used for evil, if it was something that was so powerful among society back in his time. I also believe in his teachings, or at least the way rhetoric should be taught. It is in my understanding since taking this course, that rhetoric is a difficult subject to understand. The way that Whitley views rhetoric, it is not something that can be taught through a bo ok. For someone to understand rhetoric they have to be taught wrought real life. Through trial and error, with examples or situations on using it properly.Campbell, on the other hand, believed reasoning is a natural part of rhetoric. Rhetoric begins with the search for truth and then proceeds to persuasion, the attempt to move the will to ethical action. See, what Campbell saw rhetoric as, was the scientific side of it. He did not believe it could be used for evil like Whitley believed. According to our book, George Campbell was one of the most important rhetorical theorists of the 18th century (peg. 179). Campbell was open to new ideas, ND intended to develop a new rhetoric that incorporated insights of the Enlightenment period (peg. 79). He thought that he was laying a foundation of classical rhetoric, and hoped to one day be able to move past those traditions and create something his own. Campbell advanced beyond traditional scientific rhetoric, but science meant something differ ent for him. The one thing, that Campbell and Whitley disagreed on, was argumentation. Whitley did not care about the larger philosophical issue's on rhetoric. Whitley was always focused on the issues of argument (peg 182). He was most known for his concussion of types of argument and debate (peg. 182).Whereas Campbell, was only concerned to understand how the mind works. He believed that if you understood a person's mind, you had control over them. On this bases I truly agree with Campbell on the thoughts of argumentation. Reason being is I truly think that if someone knows someone mind, and knows how they thing, they ultimately know what makes a person tick. They will truly know the best way to win argumentation with another person, in the quickest way possible. Each person, during an argument, has some sort of weakness, a click that when shushed by someone else will ultimately give up.When knowing a way someone thinks, you can reach that point a lot quicker than others. The Enlig htenment era and Renaissance era, are two very different periods in history. The Renaissance era is put with the advances of certain subjects. Such as: literature, architecture, humanism, and world economy. Meanwhile Enlightenment era advanced, different scientific methods, industrialization, rationality, astronomy, and calculus (wise geek). While doing some research on both era's one name in particular kept coming up. His name, Marcus Tulips Cicero.It was through him that the thinkers of the Renaissance and Enlightenment discovered the riches of Classical rhetoric. In the Enlightenment era, public figures, such as George Campbell, used some of Cicerone's works to help shape his own way of thinking. He helped guide the Scottish (though â€Å"Celtic† might be better since we need to include at least one Irishman in this list) Enlightenment and Common Sense movement of the 18th century. Cicerone's influence hung over Home, Burke, and Smith (Briber). Cicero also influenced a man named Giovanni Vice. A rhetorician also, in his days.Vice found inspiration for this theory in Cicero and the rhetorical tradition rather than in the philosophers and logicians. Most of what the Enlightenment era took from Cicero, was his thinking of natural law. He helped develop their systems, due to his also theory on rhetoric. Cicerone's main influence though, was during the Renaissance era. His Ciceronian influence was around and noticeable during the Renaissance, it was limited to a degree. Like the Enlightenment era, his influence during these times was derived from a very small number of his works. Most notably for both era's, De Invention (peg 43).Following the Greek sophists, Cicero represents language as the force that led humanity out of the wilderness into civilization, a political force through public speech that allowed peoples to make laws for themselves (peg. 149). This is directly associated with the Enlightenment era, because the Enlightenment era took language, and used it in argumentative rhetoric fashion. So, in essence the Enlightenment era used knowledge from the Renaissance era. Cicero, also had much influence on young philosophers/rhetoricians in the Renaissance era. Patriarch, used Cicero as a tool towards his own greatness.He studied Cicerone's readings and added them to his literary education. Cicerone's rhetoric was the key to Italy's return to greatness (peg. 1 52). Villa sought to broaden the conception of proper Latin beyond the model established by Cicero (peg. 154). So in turn, he used Cicero as a starting block, which most rhetoricians did in these days, and try to go beyond what he had started. Lastly, Cicero had effect on the two written books, A Treatise of Schemes and Tropes, The Art or Craft of Rhetoric, and The Rate of Rhetoric (peg. 159). These were all key pieces of rhetorical text in this day and age.All of which used Cicerone's views as a way to teach and provide information, in these books. I believe that rhetori c, was important as can be for these two periods. Not Just, Cicerone's views on rhetoric, but everyone's views that were important rhetoricians in this world, were used to shape those periods. I also, feel that at these times, the importance of education started to come about more. It would seem that at these times, people were better educated than in past years. In my personal opinion though, I think the Enlightenment era would be a personal favorite of mine.The season being the Enlightenment era was all about argumentation. The book explains on how, that in that time, they used rhetoric as a way to win arguments. In my mind that is pretty fascinating because I do believe arguments are necessary in life. I really enjoyed though, how both era's used Cicero. He is by far my favorite rhetorician, and I feel that it is why, the two era's were so successful and important in history. His views helped shaped two era's, and help them be successful, and in my mind these era's were very succ essful, at leading the future to where we are today. Work Cited:

American expansion in the 19th century Essay

In the years between 1830 and 1860, the United States grew economically, socially, and most noticeably, geographically. In this time period, Texas, Oregon, California, New Mexico, and Arizona were gained, completing the continental United States. Many Americans in the 19th century believed this acquisition of territory was a manifest destiny, or event accepted as inevitable. They thought it was the destiny of the U.S. to control all land from the east coast to the west coast. However, I believe that this land was taken as an act of aggressive imperialism on the part of the United States. Imperialism is the practice of extending the power and dominion of a nation by direct territorial acquisitions of other areas, and clearly America took much of this land by force rather than negotiation with other nations. The motives of the United States was not that of expansion, but in hopes of gaining new resources, land for agriculture, and natural resources. Also, the gain of this territory was far from inevitable. During the 19th century, the United States engaged in conflicts with both Great Britain and Mexico with victories yielding land. Although the boundary between Maine and Canada was determined by the Webster-Ashburn Treaty, the â€Å"battle of the maps† between Americans and British spurred negotiations. The southern border of Texas was set at the Rio Grande River following a three year war with Mexico, also resulting in the acquisition of the Mexican cession (California and New Mexico). The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo called for the United States to pay Mexico $15 million for this land, but this payment was more of a compensation for the war rather than purchase of land. The United States used force to gain much of the western territory, just as imperialist nations did overseas. I see no difference between the United States taking land from Mexico and France taking control of Northern Africa; both cases are imperialism at work. The east coast of the United States was well settled and developed by the mid 1800s, but was by no means overcrowded. Earlier in the history of America, the government forced Native Americans off their lands to show its power and authority over lesser people. The theory of manifest destiny seems to be just another show of power. The American people were not desperate for this land, it was more of a novelty. By gaining this land, new natural resources  could be gained, as proven by the gold rush in California in 1848. The people inhabiting these regions were often not American, but British or Mexican in the case or the Oregon Territory or California, respectively. The completion of the continental United States was not motivated by the need to expand, but for a desire of power. The term manifest destiny refers to an inevitable event, but the expansion of America was actually avoidable. At one time, politicians such as President James K. Polk were set on a division between the Oregon Territory and Canada at the line 54’40†. In fact, the term â€Å"54’40† or fight† was a popular campaign slogan for the election of 1844. When all was said and done, the boundary between the United States and Canada was drawn and the 49th parallel, much shorter than initially desired. Cuba was considered for purchase from Spain in the 1850s, but eventually this was defeated by antislavery members of congress, as the warm climate and plantations already in existence there would benefit the south alone. Mexican land was also threatened following the war, as Americans captured Mexico City, and many Democrats hoped to gain all land under Mexico’s jurisdiction. In each of these cases, the opportunity existed to further expand the United States, but more aggressive measures were not taken. America did not have to have any of this additional land. I feel that the idea of manifest destiny is simply a way to rationalize the United States practice of imperialism in North America. None of the land gained in the 19th century was given to the U.S., it was taken using force and often violence. Financial compensation is irrelevant considering wars took place to complete the southwest. The government was motivated by the power that could be attained by expanding the size of the nation, motivating many of the decisions regarding territory in this time period. Also, if the belief in manifest destiny were held true, the United States would currently encompass much of Canada, Cuba, and Latin America., which is obviously not the case. The actions of our nation in the 19th century were not that of manifest destiny, but in fact aggressive imperialism.

Quick Geography Facts About Mexico

Quick Geography Facts About Mexico Mexico, officially called the United Mexican States, is a country located in North America south of the  United States  and north of  Belize  and  Guatemala . It has coastline along the  Pacific Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and the  Gulf of Mexico  and it is considered the 13th largest country in the world based on area.   Mexico is also the 11th most  populous country  in the world. It is a regional power for Latin America with an economy that is strongly tied to that of the United States. Quick Facts About Mexico Population: 112,468,855 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: Mexico CityBordering Countries: Belize, Guatemala, and the United StatesLand Area: 758,450 square miles (1,964,375 square kilometers)Coastline: 5,797 miles (9,330 kilometers)Highest Point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba at 18,700 feet (5,700 meters)Lowest Point: Laguna Salada at -32 feet (-10 meters) History of Mexico The earliest settlements in Mexico were those of the Olmec, Maya, Toltec, and Aztec. These groups developed highly complex cultures prior to any European influence. From 1519-1521, Hernan Cortes took over Mexico and founded a colony belonging to Spain that lasted for almost 300 years. On September 16, 1810, Mexico proclaimed its independence from Spain after Miguel Hidalgo formed the countrys declaration of independence, Viva Mexico! However, independence did not come until 1821 after years of war. In that year, Spain and Mexico signed a treaty ending the war for independence. The treaty also laid out plans for a constitutional monarchy. The monarchy failed, and, in 1824, the independent republic of Mexico was established. During the later part of the 19th century, Mexico underwent several presidential elections and fell into a period of social and economic problems. These problems led to a revolution that lasted from 1910 to 1920. In 1917, Mexico established a new constitution, and, in 1929, the Institutional Revolutionary Party rose and controlled politics in the country until 2000. Since 1920 though, Mexico has undergone a variety of reforms in the agriculture, political, and social sectors that allowed it to grow into what it is today. Following World War II, Mexicos government focused primarily on economic growth, and, in the 1970s, the country became a large producer of petroleum. In the 1980s though, falling oil prices caused Mexicos economy to decline, and, as a result, it entered into several agreements with the U.S. In 1994, Mexico joined the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the U.S. and Canada, and, in 1996, it joined the World Trade Organization (WTO). Government of Mexico Today, Mexico is considered a federal republic, with a chief of state and a head of government making up its executive branch of government. It should be noted, however, that both of these positions are filled by the President. Mexicos legislative branch is comprised of a bicameral National Congress which consists of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies.The judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court of Justice. Mexico is divided into 31 states and one federal district (Mexico City) for local administration. Economics and Land Use in Mexico Mexico currently has a free market economy that has mixed modern industry and agriculture. Its economy is still growing, and there is a large inequality in the  distribution of income. Mexicos largest trading partners are the U.S. and Canada due to NAFTA.The largest industrial products that are exported from Mexico include food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables and tourism.The main agricultural products of Mexico are corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes, beef, poultry, dairy and wood products. Geography and Climate of Mexico Mexico has a highly varied topography that consists of rugged mountains with high elevations, deserts, high plateaus and low coastal plains. For example, its highest point is at 18,700 feet (5,700 m) while its lowest is -32 feet (-10 m). Mexicos climate is also variable, but it is mainly tropical or desert. Its capital, Mexico City, has its highest average temperature in April at 80ËšF (26ËšC) and its lowest in January at 42.4ËšF (5.8ËšC). More Facts about Mexico The main ethnic groups in Mexico are Indian-Spanish (Mestizo) 60%, Indian 30%, Caucasian 9%, other 1%.The only official language in Mexico is Spanish.Mexicos literacy rate is 91.4%.The largest city in Mexico is Mexico City, followed by Ecatepec, Guadalajara, Puebla, Nezahualcà ³yotl, and Monterrey. (Its important to note, however, that Ecatepec and Nezahualcà ³yotl are also suburbs of Mexico City.) Which U.S. States Border Mexico? Mexico shares its northern border with the United States, with the Texas-Mexico border formed by the Rio Grande. In total, Mexico borders four states in the southwestern U.S. ArizonaCaliforniaNew MexicoTexas Sources Central Intelligence Agency. (26 July 2010). CIA - The World Factbook - Mexico.Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mx.html Infoplease.com. (n.d.). Mexico: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com.Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107779.html United States Department of State. (14 May 2010). Mexico.Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm

Profile and Biography of Pauline Cushman

Profile and Biography of Pauline Cushman Pauline Cushman, an actress, is known as a Union spy during the  American Civil War. She was born June 10, 1833, and died December 2, 1893.  She was also known by her last married name, Pauline Fryer, or her birth name, Harriet Wood. Early Life and Involvement in the War Pauline Cushman, birth name Harriet Wood, was born in New Orleans.  Her parents’ names are unknown. Her father, she claimed, was a Spanish merchant who had served in  Napoleon Bonaparte’s  army. She grew up in Michigan after her father moved the family to Michigan when she was ten. At 18, she moved to New York and became an actress. She toured, and in New Orleans met and in about 1855 married a musician, Charles Dickinson. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Charles Dickinson enlisted in the Union Army as a musician. He became ill and was sent home where he died in 1862 of head injuries. Pauline Cushman returned to the stage, leaving her children (Charles Jr. and Ida) for periods in the care of her in-laws. An actress, Pauline Cushman toured after the Civil War touting her exploits as a spy who had been captured and sentenced, saved three days before her hanging by the invasion of the area by Union troops. Spy in the Civil War Her story is that she became an agent when, appearing in Kentucky, she was offered money to toast Jefferson Davis in a performance. She took the money, toasted the Confederate President, and reported the incident to a Union official, who saw that this act would make it possible for her to spy on Confederate camps. She was publicly fired from the theater company for toasting Davis, and then followed the Confederate troops, reporting back on their movements to Union forces. It was while spying in Shelbyville, Kentucky, that she was caught with documents giving her away as a spy. She was taken to Lt. Gen. Nathaniel Forrest (later head of the ​Ku Klux Klan) who passed her off to General Bragg, who did not believe her cover story. He had her tried as a spy, and she was sentenced to hang. Her stories later claimed that her execution was delayed because of her ill health, but she was miraculously rescued when the Confederate forces retreated as the Union Army moved in. Spying Career Over She was given an honorary commission as a major of cavalry by President Lincoln on the recommendation of two generals, Gordon Granger, and the future president James A. Garfield. She later fought for a pension but based on her husband’s service. Her children had died by 1868. She spent the rest of the war and the years after again as an actress, telling the story of her exploits. P.T. Barnum featured her for a time. She published an account of her life, especially her time as a spy, in 1865: The Life of Pauline Cushman. Most scholars agree that much of the biography is exaggerated. Later in Life An 1872 marriage to August Fichtner in San Francisco ended just a year later when he died. She married again in 1879, to Jere Fryer, in Arizona Territory where they operated a hotel. Pauline Cushman’s adopted daughter Emma died, and the marriage fell apart, with separation in 1890. She eventually returned to San Francisco, impoverished. She worked  as a seamstress and chairwoman. She was able to win a small pension based on her first husband’s Union Army service. She died in 1893 of an overdose of opium which may have been intentional suicide because her rheumatism was keeping her from earning a living. She was buried by the Grand Army of the Republic in San Francisco with military honors. Source: Christen, Bill.  Pauline Cushman, Spy of the Cumberland.  Publication date: 2003.Sarmiento, F.L.  Life of Pauline Cushman, the Celebrated Union Spy and Scout: Comprising Her Early History;  Her Entry into the Secret Service of the Army of the Cumberland, and Exciting Adventure with the Rebel Chieftains and Others While Within the Enemys Lines; Together with Her Capture and Sentence to Death by General Bragg and Final Rescue by the Union Army under General Rosecrans. 1865.

Reengineering business process Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Reengineering business process - Case Study Example This ever increasing competition necessitated the company to contemplate about the provision of information on various matters including marketing at appropriate time points. However, contrary to the expectations of its well wishers, the superannuated legacy systems used by the company had serious flaws in their architecture which impaired the achievement of organizational effectiveness and strategic objectives. The critical problem associated with structure of legacy systems was its inability to integrate and become compatible with other systems. To overcome these shortcomings and survive in the industry, the company decided to re-engineer the global supply chain namely PRIDE project (Process re-engineering through Information Delivery Excellence). As a part of the re-engineering programme, implementation SAP/R3 is a critical endeavour to become a truly global company (Scott and Vessey, 2002). The company believes that implementing SAP, which is an enterprise-wide solution, will int egrate all the core functions of the organization comprising of Sales, Finance, Accounting, Logistics, Manufacturing, and HR. The centralized database and integrated architecture of SAP facilitates smooth flow of information across departments, eliminates data redundancy and provides a broader picture of the organization to management. The present essay is an attempt to evaluate and critically analyze the re-engineering programme of Dow Corning Corporation in term of organisational learning, project management and risk management. The essay takes a descriptive approach wherein all the requirements of an effective and workable re-engineering project are discussed in detail. The essay also suggests certain measures by which the project can be made operational and successful. Project Management Project management is commonly understood as the process of planning, monitoring and controlling a project so as to achieve its objectives on time and as per specific budget, quality and performance (Atkinson, 1999). The successful ERP implementation needs many resources and factors and Al-Mashari at al. (2003) have developed the critical actors of ERP success and these factors can be shown as in Figure 2. After the analysis of Dow Corning ERP case, it has been observed that the company brought in many resources for the successful implementation of ERP. At the same time, it has also been noticed that the company neglected some areas completely and it is recommended that these areas are to be improved in future. The pre-implementation factors which have been observed as critical success factors are bifurcated into three stages, namely pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation. All these different stages involve many activities/efforts, all of which are briefed as below: Pre-implementation Stage 1. Vision and Planning Planning is indispensable for all activities in business, particularly for strategic operations. As the first move towards re-engineering, Dow Corning aligned IT strategy with its business strategy. This is followed by major changes in the existing in IT function. First, the company formed a new committee, the Process and IT Board. Second, a new business unit called BPIT (business processes and IT)

Roman and Egyptian Technology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Roman and Egyptian Technology - Research Paper Example Horses and donkeys were domesticated roughly between 3000 BC and 4000 BC, while camels were domesticated between 2000 BC and 3000 BC, with the exact dates unavailable. By 3100 BC, Egyptians had invented sailing boats made of papyrus reeds tied together. However, the sails were weak and only useful when sailing unidirectional. Around 2700 BC, Egyptians made wooden ships for trade in the sea. They were steered using a long oar. On the other hand, the Romans built networks of roads in the empire for easy movement of the Roman army from one part of the empire to the other. The wealthy members of the empire used covered wagons on long journeys or horses (Olson 13). The Romans also had merchant ships famously called cortia, which had the ability to over 1000 tons of cargo. They had a single mast that carried the rectangular sail, though some others had small sails at the stern and bow. Similar to the Egyptians, the ships used oars for steering, though they had lighthouses for guidance. The fall of the Roman Empire was a blow to the transport system. Major roads in Europe became dirt tracks and mud in winter. The rudder was a European (earlier, the Roman Empire) invention that went a long way in the steering of ships. In addition, ships became advanced with the rudder and compasses, with three masts in addition by the 15th century. Turnpike roads opened in 1663, with the Bridgewater canal completion at the end of the 18th century. The nineteenth century saw the invention of the railways and steam locomotives, followed by horse drawn omnibuses in 1829 and the first car in 1886 by Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler (Danver 265). At the same time, steam turbines by Charles Parsons improved sea transport. Another interesting ancient technology is that of braces. According to archeologists and the American Association Orthodontists, there have been several discoveries of mummified ancients bearing metal bands around individual teeth. The Etruscans (Roman precursors) buried the ir dead dental appliances used to maintain dentition and space. In addition, a Roman tomb discovered in Egypt had a mummy whose teeth were bound by gold wire (Archwired). Additionally to note is the recordings of finger pressure treatment of teeth by Aurelius Cornelius Celsus during the time of Christ. Nonetheless, there were no significant orthodontic events occurring before the 17th century. The first publications on teeth straitening were in 1792. Astronomy, the natural science dealing with celestial objects, also dates back thousands of years ago. In ancient Egypt, people believed that the universe was an enormous rectangular box with Egypt at the center and huge lamps hanging down as the stars (Nicholson and Shaw 321). Similarly, most other cultures held the same concept with their cultures at the center of the world. Nonetheless, the ancient cultures, especially in Egyptian and Roman, were held back from technological development for investigating the cosmos by their beliefs i n their many unpredictable gods. The Jews, which was the only culture that worshipped God, had a positive influence on the science through the bible. The Greeks were the first ancient culture to become aware of their surroundings. In fact, the word astronomy is a derivative from the Greek words â€Å"law and order†. However, the Greeks were not the only culture to try their hands on astronomy, but

Emphysema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emphysema - Essay Example revention, there already had been 12, 790 deaths recorded in the United States only in the year 2007 caused by emphysema alone, while 3.8 million adults were diagnosed with the disease in the year 2008 (â€Å"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary,† 2010). As emphysema affects people, this paper aims to increase the readers’ knowledge on what it is, its signs and symptoms, treatments, and other issues surrounding it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Emphysema is one form of COPD in addition to chronic bronchitis. It is chronic as it is develops as a result of â€Å"many years of assault on lung tissues from cigarette smoke or other toxins that pollute the air† (Lewis, 1999, p. 1). The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society (2004) define it as â€Å"the presence of permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis† (p. 8). Naturally, the lungs have defenses such as macrophages and other free-roving cells that protect it from foreign particles that could impair its natural functions of breathing and oxygenation. However, this protection from the invading particles is only limited (Boyce, 1997, p. 80). Continued smoking or exposure to polluted air, the main risk factors of emphysema, cause the particles to â€Å"tend to stay in the lungs and can cause lung damage† by scarring or forming fibrosis resulting to air sac walls being destroyed leading to COPD and other lung diseases (Crowley, 2010, p. 379; Boyce, 1997, pp. 80-81). Some reports providing link between the developments of emphysema after dental treatments have also started to appear (Gamboa-Vidal, Vega-Pizarro, & Almeida-Arriagada, 2007). Nonetheless, further studies to support such claims are still suggested. In continuation, the function of the substance elastin that allows flexibility in lungs becomes impaired with smoking habits and exposure to air pollutants (Parkinson, 2007, p. 22). The release of substance

Organic Chicken Farming Advantages And Disadvantages Environmental Sciences Essay

Organic Chicken Farming Advantages And Disadvantages Environmental Sciences Essay One of the main goals of organic chicken farming is self sufficiency. Taking responsibility from beginning to end of the life cycle of chickens, and creating a more sustainable farm is one of their missions. Organic chicken have been found to have fewer toxins than commercially raised poultry which often contains hormones, antibiotics, and trace amounts of pesticides (Wozniak 2010). Organic farms use brooders; chicken tractors, organic feed, as well as the Government Districts provided the basic equipment needed to do the processing. The District purchases a set of Kill Cones, a Scalder and a Plucker from the Featherman Company to rent out to small farmers for on farm use, and we were the first farm that used this equipment. When analyzing the advantages of organic poultry, flavor, nutrients, and lack of chemicals being present tend to outweigh the price change. Many aspects about meat quality are also taken into consideration when processing organic chicken. Many things need to be i dentified such as; age at slaughtering, physical activity, pasture intake, and genetic strains (Castellini 2008). The chickens at the majority of organic farms are not given any growth hormones or antibiotics. This process is creating new awareness about commercially raised chicken, which may also be exposed to contaminants, like heavy metals, which appear in some commercial chicken food (Fakayode 2003). Health risks for commercially raised chickens compared to organically grown locally processed chickens, is prevalent throughout our food industry, and farms need to take action. Introduction Organic chicken farming is seen as more beneficial than other forms of organic meat production because the animals take up less space and grow to large sizes relatively quickly. Organic chicken is raised without antibiotics due to hormones being illegal in the United States. The health of your chicken flock is more difficult to keep up with due to the lack of drugs to speed development. Organic feed costs more than conventional feed, but organic chickens are sold for higher prices. The good outweighs the difficulties when it comes to organic chicken raising and processing. The use of organic feed, has been produced without chemicals and has not had any chemicals that were applied for at least three years. The price increases for organic chickens are due to the cost of feed, production, and labor needed for processing and the extra care that is used for organic chickens. The materials used for disinfecting livestock facilities should be non-synthetic or they should be on the National List and consistently used with any restrictions. Currently, the only synthetic equipment and facility cleaners allowed in organic farms are chlorine products such as sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide; hydrogen peroxide, and phosphoric acid. Organic food production has increased 20% a year, which is far ahead of the rest of the industry, all over the world (Fakayode 2003). Methods Organic Chicken Processing begins with an area called a brooder. A brooder is a heated container that can have its temperature controlled in at least one area. It is used to confine chickens with their feed and water until six weeks old then placed outside. After six weeks old the broiler chickens are taken and transferred into chicken tractors which are made out of all recycled material, and includes recycled corrugated plastic roofing. With half of the roof open and the other half plastic roofing, it allows the chickens to be protected from weather conditions. The enclosed box is without a floor, a bell drinker is used for water, and chicken feeders are placed along the tractor, under the enclosed area. Chickens are fed twice a day organic grain blend. These chicken tractors keep chickens protected from predators such as, coyote, raccoons, and owls. It also allows chickens to fertilize the pastures. They are placed on a strict rotation schedule of two to three times a day rotation to clear grass areas. The pen is then moved two times a day so that the chickens manure will be spread out more and wont kill the grass as easily. It will also allow the chickens more fresh grass. A special dolly is placed under one of the 10ft. sides. The pen is then pulled from the opposite end. A wire with a piece of cut garden hose on it is attached to the bottom board at each of the corners of the 10ft. side. The person then lifts up the end of the pen with the wire, holding on to the garden hose and pulls the pen with the makeshift dolly 12ft. until the back edge of the pen is where the front end was before moving. On farm slaughter is truly a process, requiring specialized equipment, planning and hard work. The Pierce County Conservation District provides organic farms of the area basic equipment needed to continue with the processing. The District purchases Kill Cones, Scalder, and a Plucker from the Featherman Company to rent out to small farmers for on farm use. The proces sing begins with inserting the chickens head down into the kill cones, grasping the head and cutting the carotid arteries to efficiently bleed the chickens. The next step is hanging the birds two at a time on the dunker and scalded them in 150F water to loosen the feathers. A 5-7 second dunk into the dunker allows for the feathers to be pulled out by hand without resistance. The birds are then placed into the plucker, which looks like a washing machine, and it plucks them clean. The last steps are; cutting the feet off, pull off head, eviscerate, rinse and chill the birds. Refrigerate the birds and freeze them in gallon bags. Results Organic farming allows for the earths increasing population to contribute to a healthy, happy, and natural world. The variation of benefits that are created when farming organically, create positive aspects for the direct species and the environment. The recycling of organic wastes as soil additions is especially promoted in sustainable agricultural farming systems. Due to the area the chickens are raised in, we as consumers depend on organic meat quality, which is easily determined. There are many things that need to be identified such as; age at slaughtering, physical activity, pasture intake, and genetic strains (Castellini 2008). Organic food production is extremely regulated industry, different than that of private gardening. Special certification is used in order to market food as organic within state borders. Some certifications allow for certain amounts of chemicals and pesticides to be used so consumers need to the standards of organic in there area. Commercial chicken has t he possibility of being exposed to heavy metals and other contaminants (Fakayode 2003). Organic chicken meat has many positive aspects that come along with it. Organic meat has been found to have a shorter shelf life and have less fat content compared to traditionally raised and commercially processed chicken (Lewis et al. 1997). The variety of additions that are found in commercially raised poultry include hormones, antibiotics, and various amounts of pesticides, all that could affect a populations health (Wozniak 2010). This creates an increase in the health effects for organic chicken and allows for the absence of chemicals into our systems. Health can also be negatively affected if the organic chicken is raised improperly, and could possibly carry a higher case of salmonella. Health risks that are associated with commercially raised chickens and the antibiotics that are used on them, have been shown with research to increase risk of cancer, onset of puberty, and germ resistance in some people (Salter 2010). On organic farms, soil fertility is maintained mainly with organic matter from animals that are present, in contrast to conventional farmers who use fresh manure, chemical fertilizers, and large amounts of pesticides. Organic chicken has many different flavors due to the lack of these pesticides and fertilizers. There is also more flavor in chicken thats not commercially produced, it tends to be tenderer and have more complex flavors (Castellini 2006). The benefits outweigh the costs of creating an organic farm. Some issues revolving around organic chicken have been found to have more fat than protein in some farms due to type of organic food intake (Wang 2010). Enhancement of biodiversity through organic farming should not be assumed to be perfect; the benefits may be offset by crop type, organic management practices and the specific habitat requirements in the surrounding landscape. Due to the large varieties of organic farming practices each farm has its own requirements based on state issued regulations. Cost is also of issue due to the high prices of feed grain for organic chicken and this in turn is causing an increase in chicken prices at markets. Organic chicken has many health benefits and also some disadvantages to consumers. These issues are thoroughly being researched in the environmental world, and will continue to break new ground. Cost, production, and handling techniques are all measured and calculated in order to show the known advantages of organic farms processing chickens. Sustainability is an important issue to organic farms and with fully processing chickens it will create a circle of balance between the chicken egg all the way up until it is processed.

Essay --

The Gothic novel, Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontà « can be depicted as a novel that lacks a hero. Heathcliff, the protagonist of the novel, lacks many characteristics of a traditional hero; therefore, causes him to reflect the definition of a villain in a work of literature. Wuthering Heights illustrates that a predictable hero is not presented and that Heathcliff is the antithesis of a hero in the novel. Heathcliff is characterized as a vengeful character, who becomes destroyed and corrupted due to his rejection from Catherine, his overwhelming jealousy, and his mistreatment as a child by Hindley. He is a cynical character and due to his cruel and wicked attitude that grows throughout the novel, he grows to be a villain. Wuthering Heights lacks what a reader might assume to be an established hero. The novel lacks a hero due to the protagonists' personality, actions, and use of his qualities towards specific characters. Heathcliff, who develops into a wicked character from a young age, lacks heroic attributions because he shifts roles from a young age. Heathcliff develops into a misanthrope and a "...man who seemed more exaggeratedly reserved than myself." as described by Lockwood (4). Heathcliff grows up to become isolated from the rest of the world, having obtained Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange after his true loves', Catherine's, death. Although Heathcliff portrays hero related characteristics, he does not utilize his traits in appropriate situations or in acceptable ways, which causes the story to lack a hero figure. Heathcliff does not use his traits to present the archetypal hero in the work of literature. He has been treated harshly as a child himself; however, he uses his past to fu lfill his future. Heathclif... ..., the protagonist of the novel, lacks many characteristics of a traditional hero; therefore, causes him to reflect the definition of a villain. Due to his wicked and vengeful attitude that grows throughout the novel, Heathcliff grows to be a villain. Although he was mistreated as a child, he utilizes and carries out his past to continue his future, which still caused him pain and suffering in the end. Heathcliff took advantage and sought revenge over the ones who mistreated him, which is why he can be characterized as a major villain and why the novel Wuthering Heights lacks a hero. Although Heathcliff and Catherine illustrate an endless love, the two characters take advantage of each other and cause harm to one another in numerous ways. They do not feel sympathetic towards each other because they both state how they have killed each other emotionally and mentally.

The Art Of Beautiful Women

Proposal:I will attempt to display the comparison of the cultures that produce the Barbie doll and the cultures that produce the Venus de Willendorf. While talking about the two cultures, I will describe some interesting but common themes the Paleolithic cultures and the modern culture encounter: what our modern culture has embraced and those things that it has deserted of which the Paleolithic culture in high regards. Meanwhile through my discussions I will show how much of our world views have changed from an era of the Venus de Willendorf to the modern world view of what the ideal woman should look like and how the view of beauty should not be as two-dimensional as the modern culture makes it out to be.Outline:Introductiona.) â€Å"Only the eye beholder can see the art of beautiful women†, this observation can be proven by looking at different cultures throughout the history of our times. The art of beautiful women is much more that what she looks like, it is also what a wo man’s body can withstand as well as what her body can produce. Women’s bodies are only the expression of the women we allow to live inside them. Let that woman be free. Let her shine. And know that the house in which she lives will always be as beautiful as she believes it to be. Previous cultures show’s us what our modern culture tends to ignore. Body:b.) Common ideas between the Paleothic cultures’s view on beauty verses our modern society’s view.I.) A common idea on the views of beauty between the Paleothic culture and our modern society’s view is that both cultures tend to admire a woman’s beauty: each in their own way. c.) A bit of differences between the views of beauty of the Paleothic culture and the modern world.II.) The main difference between the culture of our past and today’s  society is that of size and shape of a woman. In the Paleothic culture, the ideal shape of a women is believed to have been rather a large size woman, she would be considered volumpsous. Although today‘s society dictates that women of this era should be thin, big breasted and well preserved. Conclusion:The main objective that was intended for discussion of this paper was to discuss the different women idols that are famous in today’s era as compared to the Paleothic era. The significance of women has changed with the passage of time along with the roles and responsibilities that were fulfilled by them previously. There is a major difference between the idealizations of art of beautiful of women in the Paleothic culture and the art of beautiful women that is referred to in today’s society.Some of the roles that women share from both era’s were that women were depicted as some sort of sex symbol, and important enough for being child bearing. The role that the Barbie play in today’s society will be researched in order to explore the societal, political implication of idols to identify th e similarities and differences between the earliest known civilization and the culture of today ‘s era.